Thursday, February 19, 2015

All Star and Seven Years Ago


All-Star weekend in basketball is over and, thanks largely to Zach Levine, it didn’t totally suck; of course, there were still some perceived flaws. The biggest flaw revolves around All-Star snubs. Yes, Damian Lillard is an All-Star, through both a literal definition and an arbitrary one. His exclusion on the original coach’s roster had Oregon citizens rioting on Burnside, tipping over food carts in a gluten-induced rage, and writing strongly worded poems to the NBA.  Ignoring that only one of those reactions is factually based; Blazer fans had every right to be upset about Lillard not being initially included on the All-Star team. Every year a player, who's left off the All-Star roster, could make his case of why he should be an All-Star, and usually they would be right. Why? Well it largely has to do with the unprecedented amount of talent in the league right now, especially in the Western Conference.

Josh Brown, over at The Reformed Broker, tackles why active management has fallen off a cliff lately. The causes serve as an incredible parallel to the All-Star game condition, emphasis always mine:

This is the “Paradox of Skill” theory that Michael Mauboussin has written at length about – wherein it is only relative skill, not absolute skill, that matters. Ted Williams was one of only seven Major League Baseball players ever to bat over .400 for a full season – and he did it back in 1941, more than 70 years ago. No one’s been able to do it since because all of the players have gotten so much better. In the stock selection game, luck plays an increasing role because, relatively speaking, there is so much more talented competition and everyone is highly skilled. Larry explains that in the stock market, as in baseball, “as average skill skill increases, it becomes more difficult to outperform by large margins – the standard deviations of outcomes narrows.”

Back to basketball: The West’s hand picked backcourt before Lillard's inclusion, was the league’s leading scorer (James Harden), the league’s third leading scorer & eventual All-Star MVP (Russell Westbrook), a guy basically averaging a double-double every time he steps on the floor (Chris Paul), and the league’s tenth leading scorer, who is having a breakout season (Klay Thompson). Pretty safe to assume Lillard’s original snub amounted to an enormous heaping of bad luck, and his subsequent addition a dollop of good luck, but bad luck for Blake Griffin (let’s be clear). I know, all this luck is very hard to keep track of, but, that’s kinda the point.

With the removal of mediocre in active investing, just like in basketball, it is increasingly difficult to have sustainable dominance. Injuries are the unforeseeable risks players have to cope with, just like macro-economic shocks are the perils investor's dance with daily.


“Hey teacher, teacher, tell me how do you respond to students? And refresh the page and restart the memory?” - Kanye West Dark Fantasy

First off, you oust this clown:




Second, you don’t provoke this question: “You ain’t got no mobile in your business model?”

Good, we straight. Now that Microsoft is willing to share their Office suite with the rest of the class, they can get down to business. Here is Ben Thompson (I bold with so much emphasis):

“Before today, though, Office was disadvantaged in two ways: first, the productivity applications couldn’t fully partake in this new modularity because they weren’t well tied-in to other services. Secondly, though, and most importantly, this limitation meant the mobile experience just wasn’t as good as it could be. And to not be good at mobile is to not be good period.”

Hallelujah! Like, before this week the definition of low-hanging fruit was literally (by which I mean figuratively) a picture of Microsoft leveraging their applications across a wide array of mobile experiences.

Couple that with an aggressive acquisition campaign and Microsoft just might be turning the corner of relevance in the market that matters.

Peace.

Follow Wesley Vaughan @backpackbanker



Wednesday, February 18, 2015

Private Auction, Home Bias & Hammers



CEO Evan Spiegel, who infamously turned down a $3 billion offer from Facebook last year, is looking to raise money to the tune of $19 billion. Not bad, for an idea incubated in a Stanford fraternity basement. Negotiations are apparently being done through a series of escalading-in-price snaps from Spiegel’s personal account. But, in all serious, that is $19 billion valuation for a company with approximately $0 in proven revenue[1].

This isn’t a knock on the valuation, in fact, it’s more a kudos to Spiegel’s patience. Turning down $3 billion dollars is ballsy, to say the least, and shows, hey, maybe this guy knows what he is doing. Marc Andreessen had a fire tweet on this topic two Sundays ago:

Instead, this rich private valuation, should serve as a warning to mom & pop investors when an IPO opportunity comes a knocking. When heavily venture financed companies like Uber, Xiaomi, & Snapchat make their eventual stock market debut, it is to reward the existing shareholders. Nobody knows what a fair valuation for IPOs is, but, you know who has a pretty good idea: the people already invested in them. Honest IPO's are like honest mechanics, extremely rare

Back to Snapchat for a second. They are focusing their revenue efforts on curating news and creating original content; so you can see why they would need a substantial capital infusion. Playing to their strengths, with short digestible news clips, is borderline genius. It captures the elusive market of people who are too lazy to read, but, still like to pretend they know everything. The total addressable market on this is yet to be determined, but, early reports suggest it is strongly correlated with 95% of millennials. Okay, I’m being patently ridiculous but let’s just say I’m long 2016 call options on Snapchat.


Speaking of digestible news clips, a little guilty pleasure of mine is to watch CNBC’s halftime report clips featuring Josh Brown. It’s fun because occasionally, by which I mean perpetually, Josh subtly trolls the hell out of some of his colleagues. Last week everybody and their mother was saying how effing great the United State’s markets are and how they wouldn’t be caught dead investing anywhere internationally. Gulp! Remember, these are “professionals” who manage money for a living and even they have a hard time not letting recency & home bias influence them. Here is Josh:

“The outlook for the United States is superior to the outlook for virtually everywhere else. No shit. We are all aware of this. This is why Bob Schiller’s CAPE ratio alarm is going bananas right now. But this superiority is what’s already expected and therefore currently being discounted into today’s prices.

What isn’t being discounted? That’s the more interesting (profitable) question.

If every Harry, Dick, and Tom is fully invested in US equities it doesn’t leave much margin for error. Every investor knows the mantra “Price is what you pay, value is what you get”. Some just let recent events cloud their thinking more than others.


To the man with the hammer every problem looks like a nail. Cullen Roche tackles the problem of extrapolating value investing principles, used in individual stock selection, towards markets as a whole. It is reminiscent of a recent argument going on in sports, namely basketball twitter: the eye-testers vs. the data heads. Rationally you would take a liberal approach, where you take the best of both ideologies to form your thought process. Yes, the influx of “big data” has been important for the teams at the top of the NBA standings, the Hawks and Warriors, but when the number one best-seller on statistics is a book from 1954 entitled “How to Lie with Statistics”, which is essential reading BTW, you’re best forming a hybrid approach to analysis. After all, it doesn’t take a quant to see repeatable monotonous form in both Curry’s and Korver’s jump shot.

And therein lies the important part: your success has to be replicable. Here is Frank Zorilla on the importance of developing a strategy and sticking to it: 

“What’s important is to know what works for you and what works within your time- frame”

There are 50 ways to leave your lover crooned Paul Simon. There are also 50 ways to make money investing. Top off this post by peeping this video from Howard Marks.


Follow Wesley Vaughan @backpackbanker


[1] Yes, they launched ads in October 2014 but no word yet on what the figures look like.

Wednesday, February 11, 2015

Apple, Blacker Berries, & How to Think.

Yo, your humble homie here, posting links you should read if you wanna sound cool in social settings.

Apple, Up to 700 Billion Dead Presidents.


The cream is spilling out the top for everyone's favorite stock. Barry Ritholtz chronicled why it is so easy to miss the boat, on what is now the first company to ever surpass the 700 billion mark in market cap. Of course, the reverse is also true, it is easy to overstate the future fortunes for the Cupertino giant. I'm not gonna break out the financial models for you, this is a family show, but what is important is the sentiment is turning on Apple. While a post earnings drift is very likely, investing is always about the price you pay, so be forewarned. For deep thought on Apple, Ben Thompson at Stratechery is essential reading. Here is one of his first posts on his blog.

Fundamental misses on Apple are prevalent, largely, because people have no idea what they are talking about. Here is Mark Milian explaining how the law of large numbers is incorrectly applied to Apple.

Anyways, other interesting news out of the Apple camp, is their decision to power their mothership with solar panels. I'm talking solar panels in the cafeteria, break room, even to power Jonathon Ive's secret room full of pictures of himself. No, I kid, the partnership is with First Solar1, and the plan is to build a 2,900-acre2 solar farm in Monterey County, California. Shares of First Solar enjoyed quite a day, as investors hope this partnership with an Arizona based company, turns out better than the last Arizona company linked to Apple. 

Mr. Market your on-again/off-again love interest.


Michael Mauboussin released a wonderful white paper on how to think like an investor, you can read the full thing here. It's a must read if you are serious about this finance thing, but, equally compelling if you're a fan of psychology, horse-racing, or civil engineering (architecture for you Costanza buffs). At the risk of you not reading the whole thing, here are some excerpts:


"This leads to the first point worth stressing: to be an active investor, you must believe in both inefficiency and efficiency. In other words, you have to think that both Shiller and Fama are rightjust not at the same time. Naturally, if markets are perfectly efficient there’s no reason to try to beat them through active management. But it’s also true that there’s no reason to try to beat the market through active management if you think markets are always inefficient. That’s because even if you are savvy enough to buy a dollar for fifty cents, there’s no reason to believe that the price and value will ever converge in a perpetually inefficient market. "


Simple, articulate, enormously insightful. Independent thinking is only the start, and, doesn't mean anything if you're dead wrong. You have to be incredibly well versed in theory, but, with the good taste to know when to use it. If you think this is easy here's some more:


"Diversity breakdowns are crucial to pushing Mr. Market from healthy to manic or depressed. And herein is the critical point: The very factor that causes market inefficiencycorrelated beliefsmakes exploiting that inefficiency difficult. The desire to be part of the crowd is powerful, and being apart from the crowd is scary for most. "


The rest of the paper is equally brilliant, once again cementing Mr. Mauboussin's indispensable voice amongst the daily shouts. 


Daniel Kahneman: Your Financial Advisor's Advisor

This couples nicely with Mauboussin's paper, from the man who literally wrote the book on second level thinking. "Thinking Fast & Slow" is one of the most important books on an investor's bookshelf; even though it is the most recently published book on Jason Zweig's list, it is a culmination of Kahneman's life work. 

Sports are the perfect example of complex, adaptive systems and how by definition they are unpredictable. If Russell Wilson completes that pass on 2nd & goal from the 1 yard line, the narrative is how innovative Pete Carroll is and how "clutch" Wilson is. Instead, it's what a bonehead Carroll is and how uncharacteristic of Wilson. Luck plays such a large, yet understated, role in the outcomes of life. Did Malcolm Butler make a terrific break on the ball? Absolutely. Was he lucky the Seahawks were passing in the first place? Again, absolutely. Don't forget what happened two plays before that. Jermaine Kearse made a spectacularly fortunate grab, on a ball that touched everywhere except the ground. Hindsight allows us the illusion of control.

Kendrick Lamar By Michael Chabon.

Kendrick Lamar released a new song entitled "The Blacker the Berry"(the sweeter the juice, you need to get loose, to the heat I produce). Michael Chabon, who has been dubbed the perfect writer for the Obama Age, annotated a portion of the lyrics. The comparison to Common's "I Used to Love H.E.R." is deft, not because "The Blacker the Berry" is an instant classic, that is beside the point, but because both songs beg for deep thought. Things are rarely black & white, and Lamar is doing his part to keep the conversation about race and inequality center stage. If Chabon is the perfect writer for the Obama Age, Lamar is the perfect rapper for the Obama Age.

Jon Stewart Leaving Comedy Central.

A great voice is moving on. No word yet on his plans, but, there are literally tons of media execs chomping at the bit to seduce Stewart. Regardless of how you feel about him, he is how a majority of millennials get their news, and, that is a huge audience moving forward. Here is a nice piece about Stewart's comic family tree.

It's telling, not only looking at the comics birthed by the Daily Show, but how Stewart's Anti-Spin zone approach has wielded him a significant influence. Enough so, to make warranting a full network gig not quite out of the realm probabilities. Here is wishing him the best of luck, and thanking him for the last two decades. 






Follow Wesley Vaughan @backpackbanker




1 Full disclosure: I own shares of First Solar. 



2. Tim Cook said 1,300 acres on his webcast with Goldman Sachs, but, the WSJ reported 2,900 acres. Probably somewhere in between.